Back-up brake for vehicles.



D. T. WALSH. I BAGK-UlI BRAKE POR VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 8, 1911.

Patented 11132, 1912,

. A .mi i

V ,5212222 ff D. T. WALSH. BACK-UP BRAKE POR VEHICLES APPLIOATION FILED DBG. 8.' 191;.-

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.4

' 'jt-m505 Patented Apr'. 2, 1912.

Moms runs. mc. Lmw.. nunmal. D. c

` To alli whom 'itfmay concern:

fUNQtTED STATES PArfnisur` crimen. j Af DENNIS '1'. WALSH, 0F .ANSONIA, CONNECT ICUT.

[BACK-UP BRAKE ron vnHicLEsl Specification of Letters Patent.

"Be'itfknown that I, DENNIs TQWAL-srr, a

citizen of the'United States, residing at .is specification. This invention relates to a back-up'brake i' on automobiles and other vehicles to pre- Ansonia, inthe county of New Haven, and State of Connecticut, have invented/ new. and useful Improvements 1nr Back-Up' Brakes, for Vehicles, of which theyfollowing which is more particularly designed-for use ventthe same from backing downl hill either when the power of the enginegives out: or isv vinsuticient to propel the vehicleup h1ll or l v other cause,4 therebyv preventing injury to the vehicle and also to the passengers as vhas c, -frequently voccurred-in` the past undersuch T circumstances; The object of this invent-ion 1s to providel '20 aback-up brakefof this character which is simple and comparatively inexpensive 1n construction, which is reliable `ar'1d"et1icient ino eration and which can-be applied to automobiles as now constructed without re-l quiring any material change indesign for V'receiving my improvements. l

In lthe accompanying drawings consisting of 2 sheets: Figure 1 is a fragmentary side "if--elevationof one of the driving wheels of '30,.

" with my improved back' u the automobile and adj acent parts *equipped brake.

is a horizontal -section' in line 2 2, Fig. 1.

Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are transverse sections'in .the correspondingly numbered lines in F ig. 2 and looking in the directions .of the ar rows associated with these lines.

Similar vcharacters of reference indicatel corresponding parts throughout the several -.v1e ws.

1 represents the hollow or tubular axle housing, 2 the'driving axle journaled in the axle housing and 3 one ofthe driving wheels secured to the outer end of the axle,

Ltrepresents thek brake drum `which isse-y cured to the inner side of the wheel around the axle housing andiwhich iseng'aged on the inner side of its annular brake flange 5 by a pair of internal brake shoes 6 and onl 'l itsk periphery by a brake band 7 Adjacent A to the inner side of this brake drum sar- 'l rangeda main supporting bracket 8 which is securedto the adjacentpart of the axle housing.` -by brazing or any other suitable ,n-ianner` so that it is, rigid or stationary'.` 56'One' pair of ends of the internal Abrake shoes are pivoted by means of a pin 9 to this Fig. 2

while'v their opposite ends are engaged by a cam 10 mounted on avshaft 11 journaled in a bearing yon the bracketl on the opposite an oscillating lever 50 onthe inner side of a bracket, as shown in Figs., 2 and 5.. Upon into engagementwith'the bore Yof thebrake drumfand upon .releasing this cam. the. brake 'shoes are.:retracted out oft engagementwithth'e brake drum by? `means of springs 12 connecting thel same. .One end Patentedap'r. 2,1912. Application led December 8,1911.. Seria1No.664 =,539. N i l .bracket on one .side of the axle housing` '60. side of the axle housing and provlded with -f turning the cam Vinjthe direction of the ar row in Fig. 5 the bra-ke shoesare expanded" ofthe brake band is attached lto the inner end of a lever 18 which is-fulcrumed on an arm 51 projecting laterally from/the main bracket while the other endiof this strap is y connected with this brake lever at a distance from its fulcrum so that upon turning this' lever in one direction the brake'band is tightened upon `the periphery of the-drumv while upon turning `the same in the' opposite direction the band is loosened.`

14 represents a dust plate or guard arranged on the outer side of the main'bracket `and engaging with the inner side of the brake drum for the' purpose ofl excluding.l f

dust,4 dirtand. water from the interior of the brake drum.

sfo

The foregoing 'partsare of'well'known Y construction and form' no vention.

My'fimproved back-'up brake is preferably associated with the above described parts of the automobile and is constructed as follows: f

15 represents a cylindrical chamber or pocket formed in lthe outer side of the Vmain part of ,this iiisupporting bracket aroundk the axle heusv ing, this chamber being preferably formedv` by inwardly dishingor extending the cen-..

tral part of the main bracket, as shown in I Figs. 2 and 3.

16 yrepresents a coupling tube or 'sleeve surrounding vthe-outer endof the axle housingand connected with the-drivingwheel- 3 so as to turn therewith by means of bolts` v1'? or other fastenings passing through the hub of the wheel and through an annular external flangey 18 arranged on the outer end of the coupling sleeve, as shown in Fig. 2. On ythe inner endf ofthe coupling sleeve is arranged a clutch 19 which pref? erably has the form of an annular head or disk. This clutch disk may be securedto-4 the' coupling sleeve by, any 'suitable means but preferably by means of an external screw thread 20 formed on theQinner end of a ycoupling sleeve and vengaging with an internal s cr'ewthread formed'in 'the bore of a central opening `in Vthe clutch disk. l'l`he`touter side of the clutch disk preferably: beans against an inwardly facmg ann nular shoulder 21- on the coupling sleeve v in the assembled position of the parts. for

- the purpose of limitin 'the outward move-l oi" the ment `of the clutch disk on the coupling sleeve and facilitating outward assembling arts. On the inner side of lthe clutch disk which faces the bottom of the chamber orpocket in the' main bracket this disk is provided with an annular groove or passageway 22.

231e resents a plurality of brake pawls eacho into a position in which it extends across the annular groove or passage inthe clutch disk or to clear the same. Four of such' brake pawls' are shown arranged 'equidistant around the clutch disk but a greater or lesser number may be employed Yif desired. Each of these brake pawls is arranged at its inner end in an opening or recess 24 formed in the clutch disk on the inner side of its annular groove and its outer end is normally arranged in a recess or opening 25 formed in the clutch disk on the outer side of said groove. At its inner end each brake pawl is secured by means of a'clamping screw 26 or otherwise to a pivot .pin 27 which is journaled in bearings arranged on-the adjacent part of the clutch disk on one side of the axis of the latter.` On the outer end of the pivot pin lof each' brake pawl is secured a. rock arm 2S which is connected with the adjacent part of the clutch disk by means ,of a spring 29, as-

shownuin Fig.y 4. vThe function of this spring 1s to` yieldingly hold its companion brake pawl in a position in which it prol jects across-the Vpassageway or groove of the clutch disk and engages with the front end 30 'of its companion outer recess 25.l

which operates as a stop to limitthe move ment of this brake pawl in thisv direction.-

Under the circumstances e whichtwillbe presently described the brake pawl is shift- .ed yfrom the laterallyl projecting#positionl across the 'clutch groove, shown infull lines in Fig. 3, to aposition in which--it clears said groove andis arranged' wholly within the inner recess of theclutch disk, as shown- `by dotted lines" in the ,same gure:

6ofwhich is adapted'. to coperate vwith the brake Apawls -fand prevent the automobile 31.rrepresentsa brake rod or 'member from-.backing up but permit the same to move freely ahead. This brake rod is arranged `lengthwise on one side of the axle housing" and inclosed for thegreaber partY which is adapted to move either" of 'its length by means ef`a tubular casing 32 which is secured at its outer end .to the inner side of the main bracket while lts inner end is supported upo-n vthe adjacent part fof the .axle housing -by means of an auxiliary' bracket 33 which rigidly connects these parts." The outer vend ofthe brake-- rod passes through a guide opening 34 formed inthe main bracket 4in line with the annular groove of the clutch disk while the inner end 'of this rod is guided in the inner end of the lcasing inclosing frame. The

brake rodwhen free is 1no.ved outwardly supporting bracket. lIn itsinwardly retracted position `the brake rod is withdrawn from the annular groove of the clutchdisk whichAwit-hdrawal may be effected in any suitable manner, the means for this purpose shown in the drawings -being suitable and' consisting'of ai cable, cord or similar'shifting member 38 passing withits intermediate part around a. pulley or guide roller 39 arranged on the body 40 of the automobile andone end of the rope or cord being convnected with the inner end of the brakerod while the other end thereof extends to some point within convenient reach of the chauffeur where suitable meansinay 'be provided for holding the cord in a positiomin which the brake rod is retained `out of the groove 'of the clutch disk. '1,211.1 fmeans for this purpose shown inFig. 12, for example, consist' of aring 41 arranged'on the retracting` cable38 and adapted to engage with a staf tional" hook'fion the-dash board 43 of theve i'ele body. The backward movement ofthe brake rod may be limited by 'various means, for instance,` by anA internal stop Vshoulder'44 on the casing 32 which is arranged to be engaged by the collar 36.'

. A'-'VVhen-,the automobile or other vehicle to .whichfthe back-up brake is applied moves over a .level ground the brake rod 31 is .withdrawn inwardly so that its outer end does `not project into the path` of the brake paw'ls `23, this. rodbeing held in this position as l'ong as desired by engaging the ring 41 on the shifting-cord 38`with the hook 42 on ,the dash ofthe automobile-body.

rotates forwardly with the wheel, the. `direct-ion of this movement being indicated by.

the arrow in Figs. 1, 2and The brake In. this position of the parts the clutel disk .I pawls at this'time also are yieldingly heldl by 'their springs 29 ina position in which they extend across the-clutch groove22 and engage their outer ends with-the stop shoulders '30 at the front ends'ibf 4the outer recesses.' "When the car is about to climb a hill or. :steep parti' of the roadway the chaufeu'r re- `2 and` 3. If the automobile continues'v tol spring to` project the same into the annular groove of the clutch disk, as shown in F igs.l

travel upthe 'hill while the brake rodl 'is vthus 'projected' into' the annular..A groove ofV the clutchfe'ac'h of the brake .pawls Willi in turn engage'with the outer end of the brake ;rod'an'd be deflected thereby into its comj-v panion .inner recess Whenpassingthe brake i .turn the p awl into its normal operative po'- sition in which it projects across the annular' "groove lof' the clutch disk and into engage- .f .fment with `its 'outer stop shoulder. Should 4'the .automobile begin to-back down hill, due

. aotofthe failure of th engine 'or Othe'nause the brake rod will' be engaged. by the rst brakepawl 23 in' .rear of the same, which pawl. being in engagement` with its stop shoulder 3() is -`at this.` time held'rigidly in -place and therefore. positivelyv arrests the further backward movement of .the clutch disk :and 4the driving wheel connected'theref' with, thereby stopping the backward-inlovement of the automobile.V By providing a plurality of such pavvls whichare arranged at different?v points relative tothel .circumfer- .ence of .-theclutch disk'the extent' of backfl ward movement which "the automobile wheels can make at any time is .compara-- tively short, thereby arresting this movement before the .automobile acquires .any speed in a backward direc-tionand guardingagainst .the breakage of f'anyparts which. would. be. liable to occur if it` were attempted to arrest'the backingup ofthe automobile producing a ver strong and durable' conf struction which 1sv able to withstand the 'se.

-verest shocks to which the same is'liableA -to l"be subjected.l Afterv the backing up 'of' the automobile has thus been arrested- .and the 'engine y`a'ggain propels the" same forff 4wardly up the. .hill no further v'attention Aneed be given' the .back-up. brake, -ifnasl'nuch as `.the driving wheel 'andclutch'fdisk are free ktoturn forwardly at thistimebut so long .groove ofthe disk. g

A3. A back-.up brake for vehicles compris-l lnga' clutch disk rotatable .with''a wheel of as tofengage orclear'- said pa'wl.' 5 -Aback-up 4brake forfveh'icles comprisging a clutch-.disk rotating. with a wheel-of' .the vehicle and provided with v.an 'annulan groove, a brake pawl `normally arranged `across/said grooveand.` supported..on said as the 'brake-rod is in its operative position the'part-sare always readytoagain arrest.

the backward.l movement ofthe automobile if this should-again become necessary.

`VA back-up brakeof this construction lmay be [applied to either one or more of thewhee'ls "of the automobile, one of such brakes being'.

usually'suificientfor a c :omparatively light car 'but for heavy automobiles .or trucks'f'it is 4desirable-to applyone of 'these back-upv -brakes to each of the rear driving wheels.

-Inasmuch as this back-up brake does not require -anymaterial change in the design of the running gear of an automobile it 'is capable; of easy vapplication to allautomobiles of 'standard construction. I` Furthermore, all

- of its main working .parts lare "concealed from-view soy that the same' is' neat in appearance' and is not liable to be interfered with byzdirt, dust or'fvrain and is therefore gency 'arises'. v

ing a'clutch disk rotatingfwith a wheel of.

the vehicle andprovided with a-.brakfe pawl movable relatively to the clutch'disk1 and a brake member mounted on -a sta-tionarypart of the vehicleand movable intoand/outof the path of said 'pawl." 'ff 1- 2.' A back-up brake'for'lvehicles comprislng aclutch disk rotatable wit-hf'a Wheel of the vehicle .and provided with, 'an annular groove, a brake-pawlinovably mounted on said disk and adapted to either-projectinw saidgrooveor clear; the same, and a brake rod mounted on a. stationary partof the vehicle and movableinto and .out of saidl groove, a .brae-pawl niovably .mounted on said dlsk and -adaptedto either project into sa1d groove or clear'the sama-'meansfor tionary-part o fthe vehicle 'and' movable into :and out oflsai'd groove of .the disk. .while th'e -same is-moving at a comparatively 'high speed. This liability of breakage; is

further reduced by' `reasonof the vfact-'that` each o'f the brake-pawls-is supported at botli of its ends onfthe clutch Vdisk and on oppo site sides of. the annular, groove, thereby.

'A' bja'clfrup'v 'brake' ffor vehicles comprismg a 'clutch disk rotating with a 'w.heel of movable outof-said groove, and 'a .brake rod mounted on' a stationary part of the vehicle' groovel S0..

and-movable into and out of said diskrbn opposite sides of said groove and ."movable out of said. groove, means for yieldingl;v holding the pawl in its normal pos-ition. andabrake rod mounted on a stationary part o't the vehicle and movable into `and out of said'groove so as to engage or clear said pawl. Y

G A foack-up brake forvehicles comprisin a. clutch disk rotating witha Wheel of the' vehicleand provided with an annular said outer recess, and a-brake member in'oun'ed on a stationary part of the vehicle andmovable into and out of the path ofv said-pand..

ack-upbrake for vehicles compris'- ing a' clutch disk rotating with a Wheel ofv the vehicle and providedwith an annular groove, aninner recess arranged on the inner side `of said groove andy an outerV re- 'zess arranged o n the outer side of said groove, a'lbrake paivl pivoted at its inner end on said disk Within said inner recess andadapted to project across said groove into said outer recess, a shaft which is journaled on said disk and to whichsaid pavvl 'is secured, a rock arm mounted on said shaft, a spring connecting said arm with said dislnand a brake member mounted on a stationary'part of the vehiclel and movable into and out of the path of said pawl.

" 8;. 'fba'ck-up brake for vehicles comprising a-.clutch disk'rotating with afvvhee-l' of the vehicle, a brake pawl movably mounted on said disk,l a brake member mounted 'on a stationarypart of the vehicle and movable into its operative position in the path of said pavvl, and means for vieldingly holding said' vbrake member in its operative position.

` 917A back-up brake for vehicles comprislng a.clutch disk rotating with a Wheel of the vehicle, a brake pawl movably mounted i on said disk, a brake member mounted on 10. A backup brake for vehicles compris.-`-

ing a clutch disk rotating with a Wheel of the vehicle, a brake pawl movably'mounted on said disk, a bra-ke member mounted on a stationary part of the vehieleand movable into its operative position in the path of said pa'Wl, a casing in which said brake member is guided, a spring arrangedin said casing and operating to move said rod into its operative position, and a retracting me'm" ber connected With said`rod.-

11. In a back-up lbrfak'e'for vehicles, the combination of an axle, a wheel secured to the axle, a housing surrounding the axle, a.

couplingV sleeve surrounding said housing and connected'wvith said lWheel, a clutch disk mounted on said sleeve and provided With Aa. brake pawl, and anbrake member mounted on a stationary part of the vehicle `and movablelinto and out ot the path ot'v 12. In a back-up brake `forvveh'icles, the combination of an axle, a Wheel `secured to the axle, a housing surrounding the axle, a coupling sleeve surrounding said housing and connected with saidY Wheel'7 a clutch disk mountedon said sleeve and provided with a brake pawl, abracket'mounted onv said housing and provided Witha chamber in 'which said vclutch disk'rotates,l a guide mounted on said bracket, and a brake rod.'

mounted in said guidev and movable into and out of the path of `sai-d paWI.

Witness my hand this 4th. day of Decem- DENNIS T. WALSL itnesses IRA' F. H-oY'r, MICHAEL L! BRANDON.

Copies of thispatent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissionerof Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

